Paths

The Way of the Soul

KEYWORDS: antiscience; belief; cognitive dissonance; counterknowledge; denialism; gullibility; ideological pathology; ignorance; intellectual deceit; misology; oncomeme; pseudoscience; pseudoskepticism; stupidity

To believe, in the guise of religious faith, what is, on scientific or philosophical grounds, factually untrue is to be supersitious. Superstition is a counterfeit of religion and a perversion of it.

Mortimer J. Adler

The perversion of faith and the eclipse of reason alike begin with the denial of doubt; but the salvation of the soul and the way to peace begin with its acceptance.

Pippin of Vesuvius

List of Contents
Dark Powers: The Pathology of Belief and Persuasion Hate and Violence Political Extremism and Terrorism Religious Extremism and Fundamentalism Pseudoscience: Content and Critique Beams of Light: Religion Myth and Mythology Christianity Islam Religious Studies and Theology Ecumenism and Interfaith Dialogue

Dark Powers: The Pathology of Belief and Persuasion

Hate and Violence
Political Extremism and Terrorism
Religious Extremism and Fundamentalism
Pseudoscience: Content and Critique

---

Pseudoscience: Content and Critique

Aliens and UFOs
Creationism: Antiscience and Pseudotheology
Confusionism: Deceit, Denial, and the Policy of Abuse
Skepticism and Related Views


The radical novelty in modern science lies precisely in the rejection of the belief, which is at the heart of all popular religion, that the forces which move the stars and atoms are contingent upon the preferences of the human heart.

Walter Lippmann

Science is a way of trying not to fool yourself.

Richard P. Feynmann

There's a sucker born every minute.

David Hannum

The enemy of knowledge and science is irrationalism, not religion.

Stephen Jay Gould

AAAS honors defenders of evolution with Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 14 Feb 2007)

AAT the Counterarguments (Aquatic Ape Theory)

Academic Obfuscations: The Psychological Attraction of Postmodern Nonsense (Jim Davies, Skeptic 17.4, 2012; eSkeptic, 29 Jan 2014)

The AFU FAQ Page (Alt.Folklore.Urban)

AIDS Pseudoscience (AIDSTruth.org)

Alan Sokal Articles on the "Social Text" Affairs

The Anatomy of Pseudoscience (Steven Novella, The New England Skeptical Society, 1 Dec 2000)

Ancient Aliens Debunked | A refutation of the history channel show Ancient Aliens (prod. Chris White, 2012)

-- Ancient Aliens Debunked (Chris White, eSkeptic, 17 Oct 2012)

Ancient Astrology and Divination on the Web (ed. Tim Spalding)

Anders Mad Scientist Page

The Annals of Improbable Research presents HotAIR

An Antidote To Velikovskian Delusions (Leroy Ellenberger, Skeptic 3:4, 1995)

Anti-environmental myths (Jim Norton, Fairfield, California)

Anti-global heating claims - a reasonably thorough debunking (Brian Angliss, Scholars and Rogues, 23 Jul 2007)

Anti-Quackery Ring (Paul Lee et al.)

Aquatic Ape Theory: Sink or Swim? (Jim Moore)

The Area 51 File: Secret Aircraft and Soviet MiGs (Jeffrey T. Richelson, ed., National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 443, Washington, D. C., 29 Oct 2013)

The Area 51 truthers were right (Joseph Lapin, Salon, 9 Sep 2013)

The Assault on Scientific Freedom (American Civil Liberties Union, New York, 21 Jun 2005)

Astrocrud (Stephen Tonkin, UK)

Astrology (Robert T. Carroll)

Astrology (W. Rory Coker, University of Texas at Austin)

Astrology & Science (Rudolf H. Smit)

Astrology Overview (Roland Seidel, Australian Skeptics)

Astrology, Psychic Stuff, and Skepticism (Philip R. "Pib" Burns)

Astronomical Pseudo-science: A Skeptic's Resource List
(Andrew Fraknoi, Astronomical Society of the Pacific)

"Astronomy" or "astrology": a brief history of an apparent confusion (Alexandre Losev, arXiv:1006.5209v1 [physics.hist-ph], 27 Jun 2010)

Atlantis Quest: A WebQuest for 9-12 Grade English or Social Studies (Carolyn O'Burleson)

Bad Astronomy (Phil Plait)

-- Bad Astronomy Blog

Bad Chemistry (Kevin K. Lehmann)

Bad Meteorology (Alistair B. Fraser)

Bad Physics (Geoff Piper, UK)

Bad Science (Alistair B. Fraser)

Bad Science (Ben Goldacre, The Guardian, London)

Bad Science Projects

Bad Science Watch (Michael Kruse et al., Toronto, Ontario)

BBC Online: Horizon, Atlantis Uncovered (BBC, 28 Oct 1999)

BBC Online: Horizon, Atlantis Reborn (BBC, 4 Nov 1999)

The Bermuda Triangle (Tobias Gibson)

Bermuda Triangle (US Navy FAQ)

Beyond Belief (Michael Hanlon, Aeon Magazine, 11 Mar 2013)

Beyond 2012: Why the World Won't End (NASA)

Bigfoot Skeptics, New Atheists, Politics and Religion (Steven Novella, NeuroLogica Blog, 29 Jan 2013)

-- Steven Novella Takes On Some of the Oldest Clichés About Scientific Skepticism--Again (Daniel Loxton, Skepticblog, 29 Jan 2013)

Bush-League Lysenkoism (Editorial, Scientific American 290:5:10, May 2004)

Butterflies and Wheels (ed. Ophelia Benson & Jeremy Stangroom)

The Canadian War on Science: A long, unexaggerated, devastating chronological indictment (John Dupuis, Confessions of a Science Librarian, 20 May 2013)

Cargo Cult Science (Richard Feynman, 1974)

Carl Sagan's Baloney Detection Kit (Michael Paine, The Planetary Society Australia)

CDC Current Health-Related Hoaxes and Rumors

"Chemtrail" Fail: Are contrails really toxic chemicals sparayed by a secret conspiracy? (Donald R. Prothero, eSkeptic, 15 Oct 2014)

Center for Inquiry Transnational (Barry Karr et al., Amherst, New York)

Center for Inquiry On Campus

Centre for Inquiry Canada (Toronto)

Children Waiting for the End of the World (Daniel Loxton, eSkeptic, 19 Dec 2012)

Chronology of the Canadian Conservative government's war on science (Cory Doctorow, Boing Boing, 21 May 2013)

CircleMakers: Home of England's Crop Circle Makers
(John Lundberg et al.)

Classics of Out(land)ish Anthropology (Lawrence University, WI)

Climate Change Denial (blog by George Marshall, Climate Outreach & Information Network, Oxford)

Climate Change Education: Understanding and Teaching the Science Behind Global Climate Change (National Center for Science Education)

-- Evolution advocate turns to climate (Susan Young, Nature News & Comment, 16 Jan 2012)

-- NCSE Picks Fight Against Climate Science Deniers (Kevin Zelnio, EvoEcoLab, Scientific American Blog Network, 16 Jan 2012)

Climate Change -- Faith and Fact (Katherine Hayhoe, interviewed by Bill Moyers, Moyers & Company, 12 Sep 2014)

Climate Change in the American Mind: Americans' Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes in March 2012 (Anthony Leiserowitz et al., Center for Climate Change Communication, George Mason University, May 2012) PDF

Climate Change in the American Mind: Americans' Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes in September 2012 (Anthony Leiserowitz et al., Yale Project on Climate Change Communication, 18 Oct 2012) PDF

Climate Change Preps for Its Scopes Trial: State Legislatures Take Up the Assault on Science (Joshua Rosenau, Science Progress, 26 Feb 2010)

Climate Change Skeptics (David Suzuki Foundation)

Climate change special: State of denial (Fred Pearce, New Scientist, 4 Nov 2006)

Frontline: Climate of Doubt (Catherine Upin et al., PBS, 23 Oct 2012)

-- RealClimate: PBS: Climate of Doubt (24 Oct 2012)

-- Climate of Doubt Shines a Light on the Climate Denial Movement (Sceptical Science, 27 Oct 2012)

Cockburn's form (Gavin A. Schmidt, RealClimate, 7 Jun 2007)

Cognitive Dissonance Theory of Leon Festinger (Ch 16 of Em Griffin, A First Look at Communication Theory, ed.3, 1997)

Conference kerfuffle hits scientists (Alla Katsnelson, The Scientist, 19 Aug 2009)

-- Another fake conference? (Bob Grant, The Scientist, 24 Nov 2009)

Conspiracies fuel climate change denial and belief in chemtrails (David Suzuki, Science Matters, 5 Sep 2013)

Correcting myths from Steven Milloy (Jim Norton)

Cracking earth and crackpot ideas (Donald R. Prothero, Skepticblog, 19 Sep 2012)

Crank Dot Net: Cranks, Crackpots, Kooks & Loons on the Net
(Erik Max Francis)

Crimes of Persuasion: Schemes, Scams, Frauds (Les Henderson)

Critical Thinking about the Paranormal (Robert T. Carroll, Sacramento City College)

CSICOP HoaxWatch

Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus (Dan M. Kahan et. al., Journal of Risk Research, 13 Sep 2010)

-- Why "Scientific Consensus" Fails to Persuade (US National Science Foundation Press Release 10-166, 13 Sep 2010)

Culture and Cosmos: a journal of the history of astrology and cultural astronomy (ed. Nicholas Campion & Patrick Curry, University of Wales)

Curveball (Stephen Jay Gould, Review of Richard J. Herrnstein & Charles Murray, "The Bell Curve" (1994), The New Yorker, 28 Nov 1994)

The Danger of Cosmic Genius (Kenneth Brower, The Atlantic, Dec 2010)

The Danish Committee on Scientific Dishonesty
(Danish Research Agency)

Darwin Foes Add Warming to Targets (Leslie Kaufman, New York Times, 3 Mar 2010)

DC's Improbable Science (David Colquhoun)

The Debunker's Domain (Robert Sheaffer)

Debunking AIDS Denialist Myths (AIDSTruth.org)

Debunking Pseudo-Scholarship: Things a journalist should know about The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjørn Lomborg (World Resources Institute)

Debunking Thought Field Therapy (Brandon Gaudiano)

Debunking Tools (USD Cult Archaeology)

Déjà vu All Over Again (Chris Mooney, Doubt and About, CSICOP On-line, 13 Sep 2004)

Deltoid (Tim Lambert)

Denialism (Wikipedia)

Denialism Blog (Mark & Chris Hoofnagle)

Denialism: what is it and how should scientists respond? (Pascal Diethelm & Martin McKee, Viewpoint, European Journal of Public Health 19:1:2-4, 2009) PDF

Denialists (Rev. Dr., Give Up Blog, 19 Sep 2006)

Denying Science, Legislating Reality (Steven Newton, Huffington Post, 5 Mar 2010)

DeSmogBlog | Clearing the PR Pollution that Clouds Climate Science (Jim Hoggan et al., Vancouver, BC)

Diagnosing Delusions: Debunking Common Medical Myths Through Education (Georgia Scurletis & Tanya Yasmin Chin, New York Times Daily Lesson Plan, 7 Oct 2003)

DisinfoJournal (Jurgen Lubke et al.)

Disinformation (ed. Alex Burns)

Dispatches from the Culture Wars: Thoughts From the Interface of Science, Religion, Law and Culture (Ed Brayton)

The Domain of Patriarchy on the Internet (Robert Sheaffer)

Donald Simanek's Page

Doomsday, Apocalypse, and Rapture, Oh my! (Jessica Fostvedt, Guest Blog, Scientific American, 7 Oct 2011)

Doomsday 2012, the Planet Nibiru, and Cosmophobia (David Morrison, Astronomy Beat 32, 21 Sep 2009) PDF

Doubt and About (Chris Mooney, CSICOP Web Column)

Doug's Archaeology Site: Skeptical Views of Fringe Archaeology
(Doug Weller)

A drop in the sea: Don't believe in miracles (Lawrence Shapiro, Aeon Magazine, 1 Nov 2013)

Educating vs. Debunking: What's the Difference? (Panel Discussion mod. D. J. Grothe, Sep 2011) MP3

End-of-Days Danger (Lawrence M. Krauss, Critical Mass, Scientific American 302:3:34, Mar 2010)

Ephemera (SpiritHistory.com) - 19th Century American Spiritualism
(Ann Braud & John Buescher)

Eugenics Archive | Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement (Dolan DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

Eugenie Scott on the Stealth of Science Denialism (Interview by Paul Fidalgo, Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, 21 Aug 2012)

Europe Should Reject the Call to Eliminate Its Science Adviser (David Ropeik, Guest Blog, Scientific American Blog Network, 13 Aug 2014)

Exploring the Unknown (Fox Family Channel)

Fact-Free Science (Judith Warner, New York Times Magazine, 25 Feb 2011)

Faith and Foolishness: When Religious Beliefs Become Dangerous (Lawrence M. Krauss, Scientific American, Aug 2010)

Fantastic Archaeology Index (USD Anthropology Resources)

-- Cult Archaeology Topics

False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF)

Fantasies and Misconceptions on the WEB (Robert J. Bradbury)

Fantastic Archaeology Debunking Tools (Larry Zimmerman)

A Few Things Ill Considered: A layman's take on the science of Global Warming featuring a guide on How to Talk to a Climate Sceptic (Coby Beck)

The 5 characteristics of scientific denialism (John Cook, SkepticalScience, 17 Mar 2010)

The Flat Earth Society

-- The Flat Earth Society Podcast

Follow the Money -- The Politics of Embryonic Stem Cell Research
(Eugene Russo, PLoS Biology 3(7):e234, 12 Jul 2005)

1421: The Year China Discovered the World (Gavin Menzies)

1421: The Year the Chinese DID NOT Discover America
(Ken Fitzpatrick)

Framed by forensics: Law courts need to stop believing junk science (Douglas Starr, Aeon Magazine, 17 Dec 2014)

Friends of Science (DeSmogBlog)

Friends of Science (SourceWatch)

Fringe and Controversial Science (Paul Carr)

'Fringe' or 'Cult' Archaeology (Keith Matthews, UK)

Geocentrism Debunked (David Palm, GeocentrismDebunked.org)

Global warming controversy (SourceWatch)

Good Science, Bad Science: Teaching Evolution in the States (Lawrence S. Lerner, Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, 1 Sep 2000)

The Great 2012 Scare (E. C. Krupp, Sky & Telescope 118:5:22-6, Nov 2009) PDF

The Great 2012 Scare (Sky & Telescope News Blog, 11 Nov 2009)

A Habit of Lies: How Scientists Cheat (John A. Hewitt)

The Hall of Shame

Harper's War on Science (Joyce Nelson, Watershed Sentinel 23:3, Summer 2013)

Heavenly Errors: Common Astronomical Misconceptions
(Neil F. Comins)

The History of Phrenology on the Web (John van Wyhe)

Hitting Back Against the New War on Science (Chris Mooney, The Intersection, Discover Magazine, 9 Feb 2010)

Hoaxes and Urban Legends (Walt Howe, Delphi NavNet)

Hoax-Slayer Newsletter (Brett M. Christensen)

Honest Intellectual Inquiry: The Weird & The (Sur)Real on the Net (Carol De Priest)

How Does Climate Denial Persist? (EarthTalk, Scientific American, 22 Dec 2014)

How Many Scientists Fabricate and Falsify Research? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survey Data (Daniele Fanelli, PLoS ONE 4(5):e5738, 29 May 2009)

How a professor of mathematics made 1000 years disappear (excerpt from Florin Diacu, The Lost Millennium (2005), Macleans.ca, 12 Dec 2005)

How Sound Is Bush's 'Sound Science'? (Jeffrey Brainard, The Chronicle of Higher Education, 5 Mar 2004)

How to Talk to a Climate Skeptic (Coby Beck, Gristmill)

Hugh's HAARP Info Page

Ignatius Donnelly and the End of the World

In Defense of Science (Scientific American In-Depth Report, 22 Jul 2014)

In Defense of Science: An Interview with NCSE's Eugenie Scott (Liza Gross, KQED QUEST, San Francisco, 22 Aug 2012)

In the Hall of Ma'at (John Wall et al.)

In Search of Mathematical Miracles (Brendan McKay)

Integrity in Scientific Research: Creating an Environment That Promotes Responsible Conduct (Arthur Rubenstein et al., U.S. National Research Council, 2002)

Integrity of Science (Pacific Institute, Oakland, California)

IPL Ready Reference Collection: Controversial

Isaac Newton and Astrology: Witness for the Defence or for the Prosecution? (Robert H. van Gent)

Is Astrology Relevant to Consciousness and Psi? (Geoffrey Dean & Ivan W. Kelly, Journal of Consciousness Studies 10:6-7:176-98, Jun-Jul 2003) PDF

Is Debating Pseudoscience a Good Idea? Carl Sagan Weighs In (Daniel Loxton, Skepticblog, 3 Feb 2014)

Is Doomsday Coming? Perhaps, but Not in 2012 (Dennis Overbye, New York Times, 16 Nov 2009)

The Island of Doubt: Shipwrecked in a Sea of Certainty (blog by James Hrynyshyn)

Is there a rising tide of irrationality? (Rebekah Higgitt, The Guardian, 21 Nov 2012)

The James Randi Educational Foundation Homepage

Fox Commentator [Joe Bastardi] Distorts Physics (Davide Castelvecchi, Degrees of Freedom, Scientific American Blog, 11 Aug 2011)

Journal of Consciousness Studies: Controversies in Science and the Humanities (ed. Joseph A. Goguen et al.)

-- JCS-Online: A Digest of the Key Debates

Just A Theory - good and bad science in the mainstream media (UK)

-- Review (Physics World, 1 Apr 2010)

Lies, Damned Lies, and Medical Science (David H. Freedman, The Atlantic, Nov 2010)

Lies We Tell Ourselves (Michael Shermer, Skeptic, Scientific American 306:2:84, Feb 2012; eSkeptic, 8 Feb 2012)

LinkMaster Search: WEIRD

Loch Ness Investigation (Dick Raynor)

The loons take flight (Eli Rabett, Rabett Run, 26 Oct 2007)

A mad world: Do psychiatrists think everyone is crazy? (Joseph M Pierre, Aeon Magazine, 19 Mar 2014)

A Mammoth of Research (Jon Butterworth, Life and Physics, 25 Jun 2010)

-- Impromptu Simon Jenkins spoof rallies the defenders of science (Jon Butterworth, The Guardian Science Blog, 28 Jun 2010)

The Mars Effect & True Disbelievers (Geoffrey Dean, with response from Alexander Panchin, eSkeptic, 6 Apr 2011)

[Mashey Report] Fake science, fakexperts, funny finances, free of tax SEPP, Heartland, CSCDGC, allies & DONORS (John R. Mashey, DeSmogblogt, 14 Feb 2012) PDF

-- Fakery from SEPP, Heartland, CSCDGC - Singer, Bast, Idso and friends (John Mashey, DeSmogBlog, 14 Feb 2012)

-- Mashey Report Confirms Heartland's Manipulation; Exposes Singer's Deception (Richard Littlemore, DeSmogBlog, 14 Feb 2012)

-- Heartland Institute budget and strategy revealed (Deep Climate, 14 Feb 2012, updated)

-- Leaked: Conservative Group Plans Anti-Climate Education Program (Stephanie Pappas & LiveScience, Scientific American, 15 Feb 2012)

-- Leak exposes how Heartland Institute works to undermine climate science (Suzanne Goldenberg, The Guardian, 15 Feb 2012)

-- In Heartland Institute Leak, a Plan to Discredit Climate Teaching (Justin Gillis & Leslie Kaufman, New York Times, 15 Feb 2012)

-- The Origin of the Heartland Documents (Peter H. Gleick, Huffington Post, 20 Feb 2012)

-- Should Global-Warming Activists Lie to Defend Their Cause? (John Horgan, Cross-Check, Scientific American Blog Network, 24 Feb 2012)

Mathematical Miracles in the Qur'an or the Bible? (Jochen Katz)

Mathematical Mistakes, Glossary of (Paul Cox)

Mavericks, outsiders and cranks (podcast, Physics World, 15 Oct 2012)

The May 5, 2000 Planetary Alignment And Its Destructive Potential
(Truman Collins)

The measurement of civic scientific literacy (Jon D. Miller, Public Understand. Sci. 7:203-23, 1998) PDF

"Mediarology": The Role of Citizens, Journalists, and Scientists in Debunking Climate Change Myths (Stephen Schneider)

Merchants of Doubt (Naomi Oreskes & Erik Conway)

-- Manufactured Ignorance (Review by Robert N. Proctor, American Scientist 98(5):424-6, Sep-Oct 2010)

-- Naomi "Merchants of Doubt" Oreskes Slams "Corrosive" Climate Change Skepticism (exchange between John Horgan & Naomi Oreskes, Cross-Check, Scientific American Blog Network, 5 Oct 2014)

Method for Finding Scientific Truth (Nick Strobel, Astronomy Notes)

-- Contents

Michael Shermer, The Work of (MichaelShermer.com)

Moon Base Clavius

Moon Landing Faked!!!--Why People Believe in Conspiracy Theories (Sander van der Linden, Scientific American, 30 Apr 2013)

The Moon Landings Were NOT Faked (Jim Scotti)

Mosley, John, 'The Millennium is Coming!' (Skeptic 4:4:46-54, 1996)

Mr. Cool: Nurturing doubt about climate changes is big business (Charles Montgomery, Globe and Mail, 12 Aug 2006)

The Multiple Meanings of Public Understanding: Why Definitions Matter to the Communication of Science (Matthew Nisbet, Science and the Media, CSICOP, 28 Apr 2005)

The mummy's curse: Why does the mummy's curse refuse to die? (Jo Marchant , Aeon Magazine, 25 Oct 2013)

The Museum of Hoaxes (Alex Boese)

The Museum of Jurassic Technology

The Museum of Questionable Medical Devices

The Museum of Unnatural Mystery Homepage (Lee Krystek)

My Weird Chat with Gov. Jerry Brown about the Evils of Science (John Horgan, Cross-Check, Scientific American Blog Network, 14 Sep 2014)

MythBusters (Jamie Hyneman & Adam Savage et al., Discovery Channel)

-- MythBusters (Wikipedia)

-- MythBusters Fan Club (Lisa LaVigne, Oak Park, Minnesota)

-- MythBusters Results

-- Mythbusters UK

-- MythBusters Wiki

NASA Crushes 2012 Mayan Apocalypse Claims (Natalie Wolchover & Life's Little Mysteries, Scientific American, 9 Mar 2012)

Natural Philosophy Alliance

NCSE encourages federal scientific integrity (National Center for Science Education, 13 May 2009)

The new idols (Robert P. Crease, Physics World, 13 Jun 2013)

New Mexicans for Science and Reason (Peralta, New Mexico)

Nexus 6 (blog, Adelaide, Australia)

Nonsense in America: The Lure of the Irrational (Course Syllabus, Mark A. Wilson, College of Wooster, Ohio)

NOVA | The Boldest Hoax (Kate Bartlett et al., PBS, 11 Jan 2005)

NOVA Online | Holocaust on Trial | Exposing Flawed Science
(Rick Groleau, PBS, Oct 2000)

Number Watch (John Brignell)

ORI - Office of Research Integrity (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services)

Ottawa Recovered Memory Page (Wendy Hovdestad)

Paleontology and Scientific Literacy (UCMP)

Parable of the Monkeys (James A. Reeds)

People Like to be Fooled (Michael Shermer, interviewed by Peter Moon, "EPOCA," 16 Jan 2012, trans. Michael Silva; eSkeptic, 25 Jan 2012)

Plagiarism? Conspiracies? Felonies? Behind the Wegman Report and Decades of Related Anti-Science Attacks (John R. Mashey, 8 Feb 2010) PDF

-- Plagiarism? Conspiracies? Felonies? Breaking out the Wegman File (Richard Littlemore, DeSmogBlog, 7 Feb 2010)

Planetary Alignments (John Mosley, Griffith Observatory)

Planetary Alignments (Louis Strous, NSO/Sacramento Peak)

Planetary Conjunctions (Brian Monson)

Planet X and the Pole Shift: A look at the Science behind Planet X

Planet X / Niburu Frequently Asked Questions (Comixx, Bad Astronomy and Universe Today Forum)

The Planet X Saga: The Scientific Arguments in a Nutshell (Phil Plait, Bad Astronomy, 2008)

Point of Inquiry, with DJ Grothe (prod. Thomas Donnelly, Center for Inquiry, Amherst, New York)

Politicization of Science in the Public Sphere: A Study of Public Trust in the United States, 1974 to 2010 (Gordon Gauchat, American Sociological Review 77(2):167-87, Mar 2012) PDF

Politicization Of Science In The United States (Resolution, Commission on Social Action of Reform Judaism, Union for Reform Judaism 68th General Assembly, Nov 2005)

Politics & Science - Investigating the State of Science Under the [George W.] Bush Administration (Henry A. Waxman, Committee on Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives)

Polio whack-a-mole: How anti-vaxxers fuel the spread of polio (Keren Landsman, Aeon Magazine, 29 May 2014)

Polls on Climate Change | NCSE (National Center for Science Education)

Pop Science Watch (UNE's The New England Institute)

The Power of Randomness (Ralph Greenberg)

Precognition or Pathological Science? An Analysis of Daryl Bem's Controversial "Feeling the Future" Paper (Nicolas Gauvrit, eSkeptic, 13 Apr 2011)

Preeminent Scientists Protest Bush Administration's Misuse of Science (Union of Concerned Scientists, 18 Feb 2004)

Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journals (White Paper, Council of Science Editors, Reston, Virginia)

Pro-science (blog by Kristjan Wager)

Pseudoscience (Brian Monson)

Pseudoscience (Robert T. Carroll)

Pseudoscience - The Alternative to Science (Les Lane)

Pseudoscience Symptoms (Michael Tobis, Only In It For The Gold, 15 Sep 2007)

Psi Wars: Getting to Grips with the Paranormal (ed. James Alcock et al., Journal of Consciousness Studies 10:6-7, Jun-Jul 2003)

Purportal.com: The Bunk Stops Here

Pyramid metrologists (Robert P. Crease, Physics World, 5 Jan 2011)

The Quackatorium (David Rickert)

The Quack-Files: Anti-Quackery Resources & Web Rings
(Paul Lee)

Quacks & Quakes (Donald Prothero, eSkeptic, 30 Mar 2011)

QuackWatch Home Page (Stephen Barrett)

Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature (John Cook et al., Envrion. Res. Lett. 8 024024, 15 May 2013)

-- We ignore scientists at our peril (David Suzuki, Science Matters, 20 Jun 2013)

Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins (Charles M. Wynn & Arthur W. Wiggins, Nat'l Academy Press, Washington DC, 2001)

Questioning the Honesty of White House Science (Colloquy Live, mod. Jeffrey Brainard, The Chronicle of Higher Education, 5 Mar 2004)

Quintessence of the Loon (Peter Bowditch)

Radical-Science@EGroups.com
(Radical-Science E-Mail Group, Ian Pitchford)

RC Wiki (RealClimate)

The Reality Distortion Field: Steve Job's Modus Operandi of Ignoring Reality is a Double-edged Sword (Michael Shermer, Skeptic 17.4 2012; eSkeptic, 13 Jul 2013)

Reason in the Balance and Why Fundamentalists are Beyond Reason (Lewis Loflin)

Recovered Memory Therapy and False Memory Syndrome
(John Hochman, Skeptic, 1994)

Recursive fury: Conspiracist ideation in the blogosphere in response to research on conspiracist ideation (Stephan Lewandowsky et al. Frontiers in Psychology, 18 Mar 2013; retracted due to intimidation & republished elsewhere) PDF

-- The journal that gave in to climate deniers' intimidation (Elaine McKewon, The Conversation, 1 Apr 2014)

-- Climate Deniers Intimidate Journal into Retracting Paper that Finds They Believe Conspiracy Theories (Elaine McKewon, Scientific American, 3 Apr 2014)

Recursivity (blog by Jeffrey O. Shallit, University of Waterloo)

Reincarnation, Life After Death, and Astral Travel
(W. Rory Coker, University of Texas at Austin)

Relative Gravitational Forces of the Planets (Brian Monson)

The Remarkable Mr. Rinn [Joseph F. Rinn] (Daniel Loxton, eSkeptic, 30 Jan 2013)

Research Group for the Critical Study of Astrology
(Chris Bagley et al., University of Southampton)

Resources regarding Darkness in El Dorado
(U-M University Relations)

Respectful Insolence (Christopher Mims, New York)

The retraction war: Is science broken? (Aeon Magazine, Jill Neimark, 23 Dec 2014)

Retraction Watch (Adam Marcus & Ivan Oransky)

-- Review (Web life, Physics World, 14 Jun 2012)

-- Getting Science Right: Fraudulent Scientists (Katja Keuchenius, interview with Adam Marcus, United Academics Magazine, 2 Aug 2013)

A right to believe? Why I defend the rights of others to hold stupid beliefs (Mark Rowlands, Aeon Magazine, 20 May 2013)

Roahn H. Wynar's Clearinghouse of Pseudoscience and Quackery in Central Texas

Science and the Media: A Web Column by Matthew Nisbet (CSICOP)

Science and Non-Science (M. J. Overy)

Science and Pseudoscience (Imre Lakatos, Open University, 30 Jun 1973)

Science and Pseudoscience: Links Debunking Pseudoscience
(W. Rory Coker, University of Texas at Austin)

Science and Pseudoscience Review in Mental Health
(Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy)

Science Based Medicine (Steven Novella et al.)

Science Debate (Shawn Lawrence Otto & Matthew Chapman et al., St Croix, Minnesota)

Science denial is on the rise (Steven Newton, Philadelphia Inquirer, 24 Dec 2009)

Science Fiction in Pseudoscience (W. Rory Coker, University of Texas at Austin)

Science Frontiers Digest of Scientific Anomalies (William Corliss)

Science League of America (NCSE, National Center for Science Education)

Science Matters (Don Howard, University of Notre Dame)

Science Myths (Bill Beaty, Science Hobbyist)

Science, Risk and the Media - do the front pages reflect reality? (ed. Jacqueline Cassidy, Social Market Foundation, London, 3 Mar 2006) PDF

Science, Scientism, and Anti-Science in the Age of Preposterism
(Susan Haack, Skeptical Inquirer, Nov. 1997)

Science scorned (Editorial, Nature 467:133, 9 Sep 2009)

Science Under Siege: The Bush Administration's Assault on Academic Freedom and Scientific Inquiry (Tania Simoncelli with Jay Stanley, American Civil Liberties Union, New York, 20 Jun 2005)

-- PDF

Science Watch (Davie Thomas & Kim Johnson, New Mexicans for Science and Reason, KABQ 1350 AM, Albuquerque)

-- Podcast Archives

Scientific Defense of Astrology (Eric Krieg)

Scientific Fraud and the Power Structure of Science
(Brian Martin, Prometheus, Jun 1992)

Scientific Illiteracy and the Partisan Takeover of Biology
(Liza Gross, PLoS Biology 4(5):e167, 18 Apr 2006)

Scientific Integrity (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

Scientific Integrity (Barack Obama, Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies, The White House, 9 Mar 2009)

Scientific Integrity (Public Employees for Environmental Reponsibility, Washington, DC)

Scientific Integrity in Policymaking: An Investigation into the Bush Administration's Misuse of Science (Union of Concerned Scientists, Mar 2004)

Scientific Integrity, Presidential Memorandum on (Barack Obama, The White House, Washington, DC, 9 Mar 2009)

Scientific Integrity Program (Union of Concerned Scientists)

Scientific Literacy and Cultural Studies Project (William W. Cobern)

Scientific Literacy: A Conceptual Overview (Rudiger C. Laugksch, Sci. Educ. 84:71-94, 2000) PDF

The Scientific Take on Aliens, Psychic Powers, and Stuff Like That
(Don Lindsay)

Scrutinizing Rumors and Exposing Hoaxes (Answering Islam)

Seal Rescue or Pseudoscience? Homeopathy in Wildlife Rehabilitation (Peter Ommundsen, Salt Spring Island, Jul 2003)

Sense About Science (dir. Tracey Brown, London)

7 (Stupid) People Who Sued the Scientific Method (Luke McKinney, Cracked.com, 27 Dec 2008)

SIS Catastrophism & Chronology Links
(Ian Tresman, Society for Interdisciplinary Studies, UK)

The Skeptical Astrology Website (American Humanist Association)

The Skeptical Environmentalist: A Case Study in the Manufacture of News (Matthew Nisbet, CSICOP, 23 Jan 2003)

Skepticality - Truth in Podcasting (Derek Colanduno & Swoopy)

Skepticism toward The Skeptical Environmentalist
(Scientific American Explore!, 15 Apr 2002)

-- Danish Committee on Scientific Dishonesty (Udvalgene Vedroerende Videnskabelig Uredelighed)

Skeptic's Dictionary Topical Index: Junk Science and Pseudoscience (Robert Todd Carroll)

Slamming the Climate Skeptic Scam (Jim Hoggan, DeSmogBlog, 1 Dec 2005, updated)

Society for Interdisciplinary Studies (SIS) Home Page

The Sokal Affair (Jason Walsh)

The Sophia Project (UK)

Sowing doubt about climate change in Stephen Harper's backyard (Sheila Pratt, The Edmonton Journal, 20 Aug 2006)

The Specter of Denialism (Nicoli Nattrass, The Scientist, 1 Mar 2012)

Stand Up for Science rallies target federal government (CBC News, 16 Sep 2013)

STATS Statistical Assessment Service

Stepping into the Arena of Climate Change Education (Mary Ann McGarry, Guest Blog, Scientific American Blog Network, 29 Aug 2013)

Stifling Science: Pictures, Videos, Breaking News (Huffington Post)

The Straight Dope (Cecil Adams)

Straight Talk about Vaccination (Matthew F. Daley & Jason M. Glanz, The Science of Health, Scientific American 305:3:32-4, Sep 2011)

Strange Science: The Rocky Road to Modern Paleontology & Biology (Michon Scott)

The sun does not rise: How fossilised ideas live on even in science (Andrew Crumey, Aeon Magazine, 23 Jun 2014)

Swift: Newsletter of the James Randi Educational Foundation

Thanks for the Facts. Now Sell Them. (Matthew C. Nisbet & Chris Mooney, Washington Post, 15 Apr 2007)

Time Warp (Paul Fishbane, Tablet, 11 Nov 2010)

-- Conservapedia: E=mc2 Is A Liberal Conspiracy (Megan Carpentier, TPMMuckraker, 9 Aug 2010)

-- Defending Einstein from the new barbarians (Andrew Leonard, Salon.com, 11 Nov 2010)

Tools for Thinking (David Brooks, Op-Ed, New York Times, 28 Mar 2011)

-- What scientific concept would improve everybody's cognitive toolkit? (The Edge World Question Center, Question 2011)

Torah Codes - Scientific Refutation of the Bible Codes
(Brendan McKay et al.)

2012: Beginning of the End or Why the World Won't End? (NASA FAQ)

2012 Prophecies Sparking Real Fears, Suicide Warnings (Brian Handwerk, National Geographic News, 9 Nov 2009)

2012: NASA's Scientific Reality Check (Don Yeomans, Universe Today, 11 Nov 2009)

Wonderful Phenomena Demand Wonderful Evidence (Daniel Loxton, Skepticblog, 11 Dec 2012)

ZetaTalk: The Grand Conspiracy 1995 - 2003 (The Skeptical Mind)

Zetatalk (Brian Gillbanks)

UCS Examines The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjørn Lomborg (Union of Concerned Scientists)

Unlikely Events and Coincidence (W. Rory Coker, University of Texas at Austin)

The Urban Legend Combat Kit (Patrick Douglas Crispen)

UrbanLegends (Mahtomedi High School Media Center)

Urban Legends and Folklore - Home Page
(David Emery, About.com)

Urban Legends and Hoaxes Resource Center
(Jim & Audri Lanford, ScamBusters.org)

Urban Legends: Get the Scoop (Lynn Foltz)

Urban Legends Reference Pages (Barbara & David P. Mikkelson)

Urban Legends Reference Pages: Search Engine

Urban Legends Research Centre (Redman Lucas Wells)

The War on Science: What Have We Learned? (Webcast of Chris Mooney, Cornell University Provost Lecture, with discussion mod. Ron Herring, 20 Sep 2007)

Weird Science (Bill Beaty's Homepages)

-- Weird Science of the Week (Bill Beaty)

Weird Science (Hopkins Philosophy Pages)

What The Bleep Do We Know: The minds boggle
(The Guardian, 16 May 2005)

What Have Climate Scientists Learned from 20-Year Fight with Deniers? (Scientific American, Gayathri Vaidyanathan, ClimateWire, Scientific American, 22 Dec 2014)

What Is Pseudoscience? (Michael Shermer, Skeptic, Scientific American 305:3:92, Sep 2011)

What is Pseudoscience? (Stephen K. Lower)

What's the Harm? (Tim Farley)

When Ideas Don't Fit (Rachel M. MacNair, Achieving Peace in the Abortion War (Jan 2000), Ch 4)

When It Comes To Vaccines, Science Can Run Into A Brick Wall (Shankar Vedantam, NPR, 4 Mar 2014)

Who Lost the Middle Ages? (Jason Colavito, Skeptic Magazine, Summer 2004)

Why Are Americans So Ill-Informed about Climate Change? (Robin Lloyd, Scientific American, 23 Feb 2011)

Why Conservatives Turned Against Science (Erik M. Conway & Naomi Oreskes, The Chronicle Review, The Chronicle of Higher Education, 5 Nov 2012)

Why I Am Not a Postmodernist (Edward R. Friedlander)

Why Professors Believe Weird Things: Sex, Race, and the Trials of the New Left (Norman Levitt, Skeptic 6.3 (1998); repr eSkeptic 8 Jan 2014)

Will Climate Change Denial Inherit the Wind? (Josh Rosenau, Mobilizing Ideas, 1 Apr 2013)

Woo Suk Hwang (Nature Special, 11 Jan 2006)

The World According to Wolfram (Brian Hayes, Computing Science, American Scientist 90:4, Jul-Aug 2002)

The worrying rise of the anti-vaccination movement (The Week, 1 Mar 2014)

Yale Project on Climate Change Communication (dir. Anthony Leiserowitz, New Haven, Connecticut)

You're not rehabilitated if you keep deceiving. (Janet D. Stemwedel, Doing Good Science, Scientific American Blog Network, 12 Oct 2014)

Zheng He's Voyages of Discovery (Richard Gunde, UCLA Asia Institute, 20 Apr 2004)

See also Critical Thinking

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